Pharmacology - General Anesthetics
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General Anesthetics:
- Questions always come up regarding factors that influence the rate of induction. Remember that onset of anesthesia is inversely proportional to solubility of the anesthetic in the blood. The more soluble the agent is in blood, the more must be given to reach critical tension in the brain.
- A second set of questions has to do with adverse side effects of various general anesthetics. Halothane is associated with hepatotoxicity.
- Some questions are based on the progressive depression of CNS function leading to anesthesia that characterized older anesthetic agents. Remember the 4 stages of anesthesia:
Stage I: analgesia
StageII: delirium
Stage III: surgical anesthesia
StageIV: medullary paralysis
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Question 1 of 8
1. Question
Signs and stages of anesthesia are most likely to be seen with a general anesthetic that has a
CorrectIncorrectExhibit
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Question 2 of 8
2. Question
All of the following influence the rate of induction during anesthesia EXCEPT:
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Question 3 of 8
3. Question
The rapidity of onset of anesthesia with an inhalation anesthetic agent is primarily related to its
Correct(b) the rule is, the more insoluble the agent is, the faster the onset and offset of effect. That’s why nitrous oxide, which is very insoluble in blood works so fast and leaves the body so quickly once you stop administration.
Incorrect(b) the rule is, the more insoluble the agent is, the faster the onset and offset of effect. That’s why nitrous oxide, which is very insoluble in blood works so fast and leaves the body so quickly once you stop administration.
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Question 4 of 8
4. Question
Which of the following forms of drug toxicity is associated with the halogenated hydrocarbon general anesthetics?
Correct(a) just because
Incorrect(a) just because
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Question 5 of 8
5. Question
The behavior of patients under general anesthesia suggests that the most resistant part of the central nervous system is the
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Question 6 of 8
6. Question
General anesthetics can do all of the following EXCEPT:
Correct(b) maybe because it’s the base of the brain? They will eventually depress medullary centers (Stage IV), patient will stop breathing and die. (c),
Incorrect(b) maybe because it’s the base of the brain? They will eventually depress medullary centers (Stage IV), patient will stop breathing and die. (c),
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Question 7 of 8
7. Question
In general anesthesia, the last part of the CNS to be depressed is the
Correct(a) that’s Stage IV. maybe cuz it’s the base of the brain?
Incorrect(a) that’s Stage IV. maybe cuz it’s the base of the brain?
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Question 8 of 8
8. Question
General anesthesia with halothane is commonly preceded by administration of atropine to
CorrectAnswer is (c)- this is the classic clinical use of atropine and one you should have committed to memory. Atropine does not induce muscular relaxation- that would be a neuromuscular junction blocker such as curare, thus (b) and (d) are wrong. #!
might confuse you. Atropine is used to override vagal activity, but that is not the reason it is given before halothane.IncorrectAnswer is (c)- this is the classic clinical use of atropine and one you should have committed to memory. Atropine does not induce muscular relaxation- that would be a neuromuscular junction blocker such as curare, thus (b) and (d) are wrong. #!
might confuse you. Atropine is used to override vagal activity, but that is not the reason it is given before halothane.Exhibit
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